Resumo Os estudos sobre o tráfico de africanos para o Brasil têm trazido importantes informações acerca da organização dessa atividade. O funcionamento desde a África, passando pelos navios negreiros, e a viagem atlântica até a chegada dos escravizados no Brasil, bem como suas rotas de venda, têm sido as principais preocupações. O foco volta-se, sobretudo, aos portos de Recife, Salvador e Rio de Janeiro, os mais representativos. Entretanto, precisamos aprofundar os estudos sobre como se dava esse mercado para outras províncias. A partir do estudo da apreensão do patacho Herminia na cidade da Parahyba do Norte, em 1850, lançaremos luz sobre alguns aspectos do comércio de africanos no interior do Império brasileiro oitocentista. Com isso, perceberemos algumas das estratégias utilizadas pelos traficantes na distribuição de cativos ilegais em regiões que não demandavam grande mão de obra africana.

Abstract Studies on the African slave trade to Brazil have brought important information about the organization of this activity. The operation from Africa, running through the slave ships, and the Atlantic voyage until the arrival of the enslaved in Brazil as well as their sale routes have been the main concerns. The focus is mainly on the most representative ports of Recife, Salvador and Rio de Janeiro. However, we need to deepen the studies on how this market occurred to other provinces. From the study of the apprehension of the “patacho” Herminia, in the city of Parahyba do Norte in 1850, we will shed light on some aspects of the trade of Africans within the 19th Brazilian Empire. Therefore, we will notice some of the strategies used by the traffickers in the distribution of illegal captives in regions that did not demand large African labor.

ABSTRACT Objective: To report our institutional experience with penile refracture, including demographic data, recurrence time, etiology and operative findings in the first and second episodes. Materials and methods: Between January 1982 and September 2017, 281 patients underwent surgical treatment for penile fracture (PF) at our institution. Demographic data, clinical presentation, besides operative findings and follow-up of patients with relapsed PF were retrospectively assessed by reviewing medical records. Results: Of a total of 281 cases of PF operated at our institution, 3 (1.06%) patients experienced two episodes of trauma. Age ranged from 38 – 40 years (mean: 39.3). The recurrence time varied from 45 to 1560 days (mean: 705). Two patients presented the new fracture episode at the same site of the previous lesion, while in the other case the lesion was observed at another site. Conclusion: Recurrent FP is an extremely rare entity. The risk factors for its occurrence are still unknown. Although the lesion of the corpus cavernosum ipsilateral to the scar tissue of the prior FP is more common, contralateral rupture may be present. Nevertheless, prospective studies with larger samples should be conducted.

ABSTRACT Pharmacists and their pharmacies have been evolving in their roles as health promoters in Brazil. Some examples are the recent legislation reaffirming the role of Brazilian pharmacies as health institutions, rather than having only a commercial profile, giving greater clarity to pharmacists about their roles as health care providers. This evolution came with the recognition that is already seen in other developed countries, confirming the need for the pharmacist as a health promoter, and not simply a dispenser of drugs in society. This study has obtained the profile and activities of community pharmacists, as well as the quality indicators of private community pharmacies throughout the State of Paraná through the application of an online survey sent to pharmacists in the state. Out of all pharmacists surveyed, 533 were part of the final analysis, being the pharmacists to complete the survey in full. Participants were mostly female (69.4%) and were, on average, 35.2 ± 9.2 years old. Of these, 60% worked in pharmacy chains and just 37% of all pharmacist respondents were issuing the Declaration of Pharmaceutical Services. The current study showed that many pharmaceutical services are not adopted by pharmacies as these services bring no significant financial reward. Regarding the structure, the Paraná State showed that pharmacies present a good overall structure. The kind of pharmacy (chain or independent) influenced the pharmaceutical services provided and the available structure, where the independent pharmacies provide a wider range of services and have better structure. This study was able to identify the profile and behaviors of pharmacists and also the quality indicators of pharmacies in Paraná State.

Chauliognathus fallax Germar 1824 (Coleoptera: Cantharidae) occurs in North and South America and Australia. Gas chromatographic (GC) analyses of volatiles released by adults showed the presence of a male specific compound. GC coupled with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) showed that this compound is exclusively bioactive on female antennae, suggesting it to be a sex pheromone. GC coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (GC-FTIR), as well as dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) derivatization and hydrogenation, suggested the target compound to be (Z)-tricos-11-ene. Unambiguous structural proof was achieved by independent synthesis, whereas the biological significance of the compound as a sex pheromone was confirmed by field bioassays.

A esquistossomose mansoni, endemia encontrada em diferentes áreas do território brasileiro, constitui um grave problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. Formas ectópicas da doença podem acometer o sistema reprodutor feminino, constituindo um tipo raro de infecção pelo S. mansoni. Paciente com 26 anos queixava-se de corrimento vaginal, dispareunia e dor à palpação do hipogástrio. No exame ginecológico foi observado pólipo endocervical, que foi biopsiado. O exame histológico evidenciou vários granulomas envolvendo ovos degenerados e viáveis de Schistosoma mansoni. Tratada com praziquantel, retornou assintomática após quatro semanas do tratamento. Corrimento vaginal e dispareunia podem ser causas secundárias de cervicite por Schistosoma mansoni. Pesquisa de ovos em esfregaço vaginal de rotina ou exame histológico devem fazer parte da avaliação ginecológica de pacientes de área endêmica, com o objetivo de rastrear forma ectópica da esquistossomose do trato genital feminino.

Schistosomiasis mansoni is found in different endemic areas of Brazil. It is a serious public health problem in Brazil and worldwide. Ectopic forms of the disease may affect the female reproductive system, representing a rare type of Schistosoma mansoni infection. A 26-year-old patient complained of vaginal discharge, dyspareunia and pain on palpation of the hypogastrium. Gynecological examination revealed an endocervical polyp. A biopsy was performed. Under microscopy, several granulomas surrounding degenerate and viable eggs of Schistosoma mansoni were seen. Treated with praziquantel, she was asymptomatic after four weeks of treatment. Vaginal discharge and dyspareunia may be secondary causes of cervicitis caused by Schistosoma mansoni. The search for eggs in routine vaginal smear or histological examination should be part of the gynecologic evaluation of patients from endemic areas, with the purpose of tracking ectopic schistosomiasis of the female genital tract.